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 Qirat refers to the various ways of reciting the Quran. These are the different  syntactical and phonetic permitted methods of reciting the Quran. 

The seven types of Qirat:

The following seven types of Qirat fall under the Mutawatir category – a transmission with independent chains of authorities so extensive as to eliminate the possibility of any mistake and on which there is common consent. And these Qirat were selected by the celebrated Quranic scholar in the field of Qirat named Abu Bakr ibn Mujahid.

• Qirat Naafi’ Al-Madani (Madinah)

• Qirat Ibn Katheer Al-Makki (Makkah)

• Qirat Abu Amr al-Basri (Basra)

• Qirat Ibn Aamir ash-Shami (Syria)

• Qirat Asim Al-Kufi (Kufa)

• Qirat Hamzah al-Kufi (Kufa)

• Qirat Al-Kisaa’i (Kufa)

In total, there are ten Qirat, but only seven of them are usually considered. The reason is at the start of the Muslim conquest, the seven prominent scholars and their students stayed in a specific region, while the other three moved to different areas across the world until a scholar named Ibn Al Jazerry traveled worldwide and found other three recitation manners. However, the other three types of Qirat are not included most of the time.

Many times, people confuse Qirat with Tajweed as well. Qirat are the various traditional methods of recitation, whereas tajweed refers to a set of rules for the proper pronunciation and recitation of the Quran.